Orthodontic Treatment Simulation

Virtual setups are used to simulate treatment planning. In orthodontic practice, three-dimensional photogrammetry has been used for facial measurement, problem finding, treatment optimisation, and assessment of results.

A simulated outcome can differ from the actual result. Tooth movement is affected by factors such as bone density, root morphology, and patient compliance, and virtual models can distort measurements of gum areas.

Facial scanning can support diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics. Available technologies include stereophotogrammetry, structured-light scanning, laser scanning, and mobile-device solutions, which vary in accuracy and ease of integration.

A digital setup gives a structured way to review proposed tooth movement before treatment. Studies support its use for planning mild to moderate malocclusions, while recognising that the real outcome can vary.

In a prospective study of moderate crowding, some simulated upper front teeth differed from actual positions by about 3 mm. A treatment simulation is useful for planning, but it cannot predict every movement exactly.