Toothache and gum swelling
Toothache with gum swelling can indicate decay, a dental abscess, gum disease, or trapped food and should be assessed promptly.
The short answer
Toothache with gum swelling can result from an abscess around the tooth or gum, advanced decay, a cracked tooth, trapped food, or periodontal inflammation. Swelling means the tissues need assessment, especially if it is spreading or accompanied by fever.
What is the direct answer?
What does this question mean?
An abscess is a collection of inflammatory fluid and infection near the root or within gum tissues. A dentist locates the source by examining the tooth and gum, checking drainage and tooth vitality, and using imaging when indicated.
What can you do next?
Keep the area clean, rinse gently with warm water, and avoid squeezing or puncturing the swelling. Do not place aspirin or harsh chemicals on the gum; arrange prompt dental care for treatment of the source.
When should you seek dental care?
Contact a dentist promptly for swelling with pain, fever, pus, a bad taste, or difficulty opening the mouth. Go to emergency care immediately if swelling affects swallowing, breathing, the neck, or the area around the eye.
What should you ask the dentist?
Ask whether the swelling comes from the tooth, gum, or a trapped irritant, and whether drainage, a filling, root canal treatment, periodontal treatment, or extraction is needed. Ask how the area will be monitored after treatment.
Frequently asked questions
Can a gum swelling drain on its own?
A draining swelling can still reflect an untreated source and needs dental assessment.
Does an abscess always cause severe pain?
No, pain can vary, particularly if pressure has drained through the gum or the tooth nerve is damaged.