My gum is irritated

Irritated gums may result from plaque, vigorous brushing, a sharp appliance edge, food trapped under the gum, or infection.

The gingiva contains a thin epithelial surface and connective tissue that react when bacterial deposits, friction, chemicals, or trauma disrupt the area. Location, colour, swelling, bleeding, and duration help distinguish mechanical irritation from inflammation.

Use a soft toothbrush with light pressure, clean between teeth gently, and rinse with plain water after irritating food. Avoid picking the area, tobacco, and homemade chemical applications until the tissue has been examined if it does not settle.

Arrange an examination for persistent bleeding, pus, a lump, recession, a loose tooth, or irritation that does not improve. Rapid swelling, fever, or trouble swallowing or breathing requires urgent care.

Ask whether the cause is plaque, trauma, an appliance, a tooth problem, or infection, and whether you need professional cleaning, an adjustment, or treatment of the tooth beneath it.