Which bacteria cause gingivitis

Gingivitis is driven by a mixed plaque biofilm, including bacteria such as Streptococcus, Actinomyces, Fusobacterium, and Prevotella species.

Plaque bacteria use nutrients in the mouth and release acids and inflammatory products near the gingival margin. Smoking, dry mouth, crowded teeth, and some medicines can alter the response.

Remove plaque with brushing and interdental cleaning, especially where the tooth meets the gum. A professional cleaning removes calculus that a toothbrush cannot detach.

Seek care for persistent bleeding, spontaneous bleeding, bad taste, pus, recession, or mobility because these may indicate progression beyond simple gingivitis.

Ask about pocket measurements, calculus removal, home-care technique, and factors that may be changing your gum response.