Gingival and periodontal adverse reactions

Gingival tissues surround the tooth collar, while periodontal tissues include the ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone; adverse reactions can affect one or several of these supporting structures. The relevant anatomy or material determines which treatment can address the problem.

Bleeding during brushing often reflects inflamed gingiva, but persistent bleeding needs assessment. Periodontitis can damage periodontal attachment and supporting bone. A periodontal examination measures gum margins, pockets, bleeding, mobility, and recession. Arrange an examination so the plan is based on the actual findings.

Seek dental care when symptoms persist, worsen, interfere with eating or sleep, or involve swelling, spontaneous bleeding, fever, trauma, or a change that does not settle.

Can a mouthwash cause gum irritation? Some ingredients, strong flavors, or frequent use can irritate oral tissues; stop a product that causes symptoms and discuss alternatives. Do medicines affect the gums? Some medicines can contribute to gum enlargement, dryness, or bleeding, so provide the dentist with a complete medication list.