Why would my gums swell

Swollen gums can result from plaque-related gingivitis, gum infection, trapped food, trauma, hormonal changes, medicines, or an erupting tooth.

The gingiva becomes enlarged when blood vessels and immune cells respond to irritation or infection. Local swelling around one tooth differs from generalized swelling.

Brush gently at the gumline, clean between teeth, and remove trapped food without sharp objects. A dentist may measure pockets and take imaging.

Seek prompt care for pus, fever, severe pain, facial swelling, loose teeth, or swallowing or breathing problems.

Ask whether the swelling is in the gum, tooth, or jaw and what finding caused it.