What causes inflammation of the gums
Gum inflammation is usually caused by plaque at the gumline, though irritation, hormonal changes, medicines, and illness can contribute.
The short answer
Gum inflammation is usually caused by plaque accumulating at the gumline, where bacterial products irritate the gingival tissue. Hormonal changes, tobacco, dry mouth, ill-fitting restorations, some medicines, and systemic illness can increase the tendency to swell or bleed.
What is the direct answer?
What does this question mean?
Inflamed gingiva may look red or puffy and can bleed when brushed or flossed. If inflammation extends into deeper supporting tissues, it may become periodontitis, which can cause pockets, recession, and mobility.
What can you do next?
Brush gently at the gumline with fluoride toothpaste and clean between teeth daily, even if light bleeding occurs. A dental professional can remove calculus and show a technique suited to crowded teeth, implants, bridges, or braces.
When should you seek dental care?
Arrange a gum assessment if swelling or bleeding persists after consistent cleaning, or if you notice pus, bad breath, recession, loose teeth, or pain. Facial swelling, fever, or trouble swallowing needs urgent evaluation.
What should you ask the dentist?
Ask whether the inflammation is gingivitis or deeper periodontal disease and whether calculus, a restoration, tobacco, or a medicine is contributing. Ask what measurements, radiographs, cleaning, and home-care changes are appropriate.
Frequently asked questions
Should I stop flossing if my gums bleed?
Usually continue gentle daily cleaning and arrange an assessment if bleeding persists or is heavy.
Can a mouthwash cure gum inflammation?
Mouthwash may be an adjunct, but it cannot replace plaque removal or professional calculus removal.