Gums are swollen and hard

Swollen, firm gum tissue can result from plaque-related gingivitis, trapped food, trauma, an erupting tooth, or infection near a tooth.

Gingiva forms the seal around teeth. A localized lump may involve the gum pocket, tooth root, or an erupting tooth.

Brush gently at the gum margin and clean between teeth without force. Do not puncture or chemically burn the lump.

Seek care for a persistent, enlarging, draining, or painful swelling. Facial swelling or swallowing or breathing difficulty is urgent.

Ask whether the swelling is gum or tooth related and whether an X-ray or periodontal cleaning is needed.