My gums are really sore

Sore gums may reflect plaque-related inflammation, trauma, ulcers, infection, or irritation from appliances or products.

Plaque can inflame the gingiva, while vigorous brushing, sharp food, ill-fitting appliances, ulcers, hormonal changes, or a tooth abscess can also cause soreness.

Use a soft toothbrush, clean gently along the gumline, and rinse with plain warm water. Avoid tobacco and irritants, and do not scrape or puncture the sore area.

Arrange an examination if soreness persists, recurs, bleeds easily, or comes with swelling, pus, loose teeth, or fever. Facial swelling or trouble swallowing needs urgent care.

Ask whether the soreness is from plaque, an ulcer, a tooth, an appliance, or another condition, and whether cleaning or treatment is needed.