Why did my gums swell

Swollen gums can result from plaque-related gingivitis, trapped food, an erupting tooth, medication effects, trauma, or an infection near a tooth.

Inflammation increases blood flow and fluid in the gingiva, making it look puffy and tender. Swelling limited to one tooth can indicate a periodontal pocket, decay reaching the pulp, or an abscess, while generalized swelling may have a broader cause.

Brush gently along the gumline, clean between the teeth, and rinse with warm water if comfortable. Do not squeeze a swelling or place aspirin on the gum; a dentist may need to clean the area, drain infection, or treat the affected tooth.

Arrange prompt care for one-sided swelling, pus, toothache, fever, or swelling that is worsening. Seek emergency help if swelling reaches the eye or neck or affects breathing or swallowing.

Ask whether the swelling is gingivitis, a gum pocket, an erupting tooth, or a tooth infection, and whether examination, cleaning, X-ray, drainage, or other treatment is needed.