Very sore gums

Very sore gums are usually inflamed or injured gum tissue, and the cause may range from plaque-related gingivitis to infection or trauma.

Gum soreness can involve the gingival margin, the tissue over a developing tooth, or an ulcer on the cheek or gum. Plaque, tartar, vigorous brushing, ill-fitting appliances, burns, tobacco, viral illness, and a dental abscess produce different patterns that an examination can separate.

Rinse gently with warm salt water, choose soft foods, avoid tobacco and irritating foods, and clean with a soft brush without scrubbing the painful area. Do not place aspirin or concentrated chemicals directly on the gum, and use any pain medicine only according to its label and your own medical advice.

Book an examination promptly when soreness lasts beyond a short episode, returns, or comes with bleeding, pus, a bad taste, fever, a loose tooth, or a localized swelling. Facial swelling or difficulty opening the mouth, swallowing, or breathing needs urgent care.

Ask which tissue is painful, whether an abscess or periodontal pocket is present, and whether the treatment is cleaning, drainage, a filling, extraction, or care for an ulcer or appliance.