Redness and swelling of gums
Red, swollen gums most often reflect inflammation at the gum margin, but infection, trauma, medicines, and systemic conditions can also be involved.
The short answer
Gingival redness and enlargement mean the tissue is reacting to irritation or inflammation. Plaque and tartar are frequent triggers, while food impaction, a rough restoration, hormonal changes, mouth breathing, and some medicines can produce similar changes.
What is the direct answer?
What does this question mean?
Brush gently twice daily, clean between the teeth, and rinse with water after food. Do not puncture a swelling or use an antibiotic left from another illness, because the correct treatment depends on the cause.
What can you do next?
Seek urgent care for facial swelling, fever, pus, severe pain, or difficulty swallowing or breathing. Arrange a dental visit for persistent redness, bleeding, recession, bad breath, or a lump that does not resolve.
When should you seek dental care?
Ask whether the change is gingivitis, periodontal disease, an abscess, irritation, or a medicine-related enlargement. Ask whether you need radiographs, periodontal measurements, cleaning, drainage, or a restoration adjustment.
Frequently asked questions
What is the first practical step?
Seek urgent care for facial swelling, fever, pus, severe pain, or difficulty swallowing or breathing.
When should this be checked?
Ask whether the change is gingivitis, periodontal disease, an abscess, irritation, or a medicine-related enlargement.