Bottom of gums dark red

Dark-red gum tissue at the base of a tooth often reflects inflammation, but persistent colour change needs an examination.

Healthy gums are generally firm and fit closely around teeth, but natural pigmentation varies between people. Colour alone cannot identify the cause, so bleeding, swelling, tenderness, recession, or an ulcer are important accompanying findings.

Brush gently along the gumline, clean between teeth, and remove trapped food without sharp objects. Do not use caustic whitening products or stop brushing the area because it bleeds.

Arrange dental care if the redness lasts, spreads, bleeds easily, becomes painful, or appears with bad taste, pus, loose teeth, or facial swelling. A non-healing ulcer or a distinct one-sided patch also needs prompt assessment.

Ask whether the change is plaque-related, whether periodontal pockets are present, and whether medication, trauma, or pigmentation could explain it. Ask what examination or imaging is needed.